KARR Build Log 10/22/15

A major aspect of the rov has changed over the past couple of weeks. I wasn’t quite satisfied with Determination’s frame because there were some layout and access issues regarding the water tight containers. I contemplated just building a new PVC frame from scratch. Despite the extra time necessary I think building a frame specifically for these containers is the best option. I completed that new frame today, and while it ended up being a little bigger than I anticipated, I think it will work just fine. Due to the higher cost of aluminum this frame is made out of PVC, unlike my original design.

This main benefit of this new frame is that part of the electronics wiring will be simpler. With Determination’s frame whenever something in the water tight container needed to be serviced the tube would stay in place while the electronics sled would be fully removed. This meant that some sort of connector would be needed, as the wires from the rear end cap would have to be disconnected from the electronics. With this new frame design the acrylic tube and front end cap will pull away, leaving the electronics tray and rear end cap in place. This means that a connector isn’t needed between the end cap wiring and sled which greatly simplifies things.

I also now have a solid idea of how the electronics will be located and secured in the containers. One container will be the “electronics tube” and the other will be the “battery tube”. The electronics container will house the Raspberry Pi, Propeller chip, four motor controllers, and some other components. The battery container will house a 3S 5200 mAh LiPo battery (perhaps two if necessary), a low-voltage alarm, fuse, two motor controllers, and probably voltage regulators for the lights, amongst other things. I’m not sure yet which container will house the tether communication system though. In each container a flat, horizontal piece of Lexan will hold everything in place.

Over the last couple of weeks I have also been working on the software. Nothing major yet, mostly planning, design, and writing some skeleton code. I have also been learning how to use Git and Github. Along with the software I have been focusing on the documentation, specifically what program and file-type will be used to create and publish the technical report and user guide. I am leaning toward markdown for the bulk of the report. Probably each section would have its own markdown file. As part of the publishing process a script could combine the markdown files together, convert that to pdf or odt  (possibly using Pandoc), and any other elements that markdown doesn’t support could then be added in (such as the parts list table). Since markdown is plaintext it will work will with Git and can be edited on any system using a simple text editor. The major downside is that markdown doesn’t support fancy layouts.

The first major setback occurred last week. It seems as though some water may have leaked into four of the thrusters I was planning on using. These motors are from a project from a few years ago. There is a grey discoloration on the inside of the motor housing. They all run, surprisingly, but they don’t sound very good. In fact, the shaft on one wouldn’t even turn a full revolution at first. I am going to take apart one of the damaged motors to get a better idea of what the problem is. Unfortunately all this means I will have to buy several more bilge pumps and convert them into thrusters.

KARR Build Log 10/7/15

Hull

I purchased a second watertight hull from Blue Robotics (same specs as the first hull) to house the batteries and any secondary electronics that don’t fit in the main hull. This means the rov will have two 4″x13″ watertight containers. While that is great for the electronics, it does complicate other aspects of the rov design.

Frame

Changing the design of the water tight container has complicated the current frame design. I had already built the major portion of the frame before switching containers, and the new design doesn’t really fit well with the frame. The new container is much shorter than the original custom hull I was going to build (13″ vs 24″). I tried different arrangements with the new containers on the frame and none of them are satisfactory. Ultimately the problem is that the frame is too long and since I riveted the pieces together it won’t be a trivial task shortening the frame. I pondered building a new frame better suited to the new containers. However, it turns out that the frame from a past rov I worked on is just the right size. That rov is Determination, an rov that I helped design and build while part of TCA Robotics. The frame from Determination is tall enough to stack two containers on top of each other, and just the right length and width. I probably won’t use Determination’s frame for KARR permanently, just for the time being so I can get the rest of the system up and running and figure out what to for the frame long-term. It is actually kind of interesting that I will be using Determination’s frame for this project, as I had designed a similar computerized control system for Determination, but we never got around to implementing it. I guess that will finally become a reality.

Software

Over the past week I have started designing the software portion of the project. I switched from Kivy to Tkinter for the operator console GUI framework. While Tkinter doesn’t seem to have as many features as Kivy, it does seem to be more straightforward in its usage. Assuming I can send a usb and composite video signal over the tether the GUI will be run on the Raspberry Pi. There will be two programs that form the overall GUI; a video player in the middle of the screen and the operator console GUI. The video player will probably be vlc or the built-in raspi camera preview program. Raspbian, the default operating system for the Raspberry Pi (based on Debian) uses LXDE for the desktop environment. Thankfully custom window rules can be set up in LXDE through a config file. This means that I can set up rules for the camera viewer window and the operator console. These rules include window size, position, keep above/below, whether the window has a title bar and border, etc. The camera viewer will be set to the screen center (x and y), no border or title bar, and “keep above”. The GUI will be set to maximize and no border or titlebar. I will probably write a bash script that launches the viewer and GUI at startup.

Thrusters

Today I figured out how to attach the propeller shrouds to the thruster mounts. I didn’t think there would be enough clearance between the propeller and bracket for this method to work, but thankfully there is, as this is a very simple way to attach the shroud. The thruster mount itself is actually made from two conduit hangers and a right-angle bracket. I have used this design on several other rovs and it has worked very well. A flat bracket joins the shroud to the rest of the mount. It is a ridiculously simple setup that hopefully works.

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KARR Build Log 9/23/15

Over the past two weeks the research stage has been slowly transitioning into the build stage. I now have a better idea of how the system will function as a whole, though there are still many smaller details have have yet to be decided on.

Hull

I was originally going to try to build an aluminum waterproof hull for KARR, however I have been doubting how reliable that will be, given the techniques at my disposal. Fortunately I found a supplier of waterproof hull kits specifically designed for rovs. Blue Robotics is a fairly new company (started in 2014) that sells an assortment of ROV parts. Their selection is currently small, as they mainly sell thrusters and waterproof hull components, but hopefully it will expand in the future. They currently have two options for waterproof hulls: a 2″ diameter kit and a 4″ diameter kit. Each kit comes with an acrylic tube, two o-ring flanges with o-rings, two end-caps (they have several types to choose from) and a vent-plug. The components that come with the hull kit can also be purchased individually. Overall it looks like a very nice system. They also sell cable penetrators that can be used with the hull kit. With the kit, spare o-rings, cable penetrators,  and shipping the total cost came out to be $236, which is a bit pricey, though much better that several hundred dollars worth of water damaged electronics (assuming the hull-kit works properly and I don’t do something stupid).

Frame

I spent the evening today working on the frame. So far it is coming together nicely. The design has changed somewhat, though the overall shape is mostly the same. The upper layer is salvaged from a previous rov, while everything else is new.

Previous Rov
Previous Rov
Disassembled Rov
Disassembled Previous Rov

The top part of the frame along with the thrusters will be used for KARR. I also almost finished assembling the lower portion of the frame today; I am just waiting for some super-glue to dry so I can finish drilling out holes for the rivets.

Lower frame
Lower frame with 4″ x 12″ pvc pipe